文章目录
1 环境准备
1.1 移除旧版本Docker
[root@root ~]# sudo yum remove docker \
> docker-client \
> docker-client-latest \
> docker-common \
> docker-latest \
> docker-latest-logrotate \
> docker-logrotate \
> docker-engine
已加载插件：fastestmirror
参数 docker 没有匹配
参数 docker-client 没有匹配
参数 docker-client-latest 没有匹配
参数 docker-common 没有匹配
参数 docker-latest 没有匹配
参数 docker-latest-logrotate 没有匹配
参数 docker-logrotate 没有匹配
参数 docker-engine 没有匹配
不删除任何软件包
[root@root ~]#
1.2安装工具包
[root@root ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils
1.3配置docker yum源
[root@root ~]# sudo yum-config-manager \
> --add-repo \
> http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
2 安装最新docker
[root@root ~]# sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
2.1 设置开机自启docker
[root@root ~]# docker ps 检查docker
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?
[root@root ~]# systemctl start docker 开启docker
[root@root ~]# docker ps 说明docker安装成功
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@root ~]# systemctl enable docker 设置开机自启
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@root ~]#
2.2配置加速器
[root@root ~]# # 配置加速
[root@root ~]# sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
[root@root ~]# sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
> "registry-mirrors": ["https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"]
> }
> EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"]
}
[root@root ~]# sudo systemctl daemon-reload
[root@root ~]# sudo systemctl restart docker
3 实操-镜像
3.1搜索镜像
[root@root ~]# docker search nginx
3.2下载镜像
下载最新版本的镜像
[root@root ~]# docker pull nginx
官网： https://hub.docker.com/
查看版本号，指定版本下载镜像
下载指定版本的镜像
[root@root ~]# docker pull nginx:1.26.0
3.3查看镜像
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 4f67c83422ec 5 days ago 188MB
nginx 1.26.0 94543a6c1aef 4 weeks ago 188MB
[root@root ~]#
3.4 删除镜像
[root@root ~]# docker rmi nginx:1.26.0
或者
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 4f67c83422ec 5 days ago 188MB
nginx 1.26.0 94543a6c1aef 4 weeks ago 188MB
[root@root ~]# docker rmi 4f67c83422ec
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:0f04e4f646a3f14bf31d8bc8d885b6c951fdcf42589d06845f64d18aec6a3c4d
Deleted: sha256:4f67c83422ec747235357c04556616234e66fc3fa39cb4f40b2d4441ddd8f100
Deleted: sha256:61eeae0da48f3cc48ebf1d0a192ad8f19cb6c6ed67d0f0a7ef1f1c443c1effd7
Deleted: sha256:5cde5b697c8179331355ba55c3754bb565e74b9c84170f398a736e29e8ece1f8
Deleted: sha256:8f957df28f8990c12af00f83cbc17560d57284835f695e3b1c2a39d22f6b117d
Deleted: sha256:4421830dc9390171c909a2beb619a00bb2c4a1fb8f7e187b14a38e1f84aa76db
Deleted: sha256:b25c84fbc54990754cb7662c5f299f2e44700731f5f19e610f61eb7348c2c2fc
Deleted: sha256:23b17aa4ac172d8d931417d0c681ea8f94d26e353a3f9d2d3cc75e01fed6d99e
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.26.0 94543a6c1aef 4 weeks ago 188MB
[root@root ~]#
4 实操-容器
4.1运行nginx容器
[root@root ~]# docker run nginx
不指定版本会自动下载最新的镜像
4.2 查看容器
[root@root ~]# docker ps 查看正在运行的容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0d5a6e9fa449 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp relaxed_napier
[root@root ~]# docker ps -a 查看全部的容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0d5a6e9fa449 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp relaxed_napier
[root@root ~]#
4.3启动容器
[root@root ~]# docker start 0d5a6e9fa449（容器ID）
0d5a6e9fa449
[root@root ~]#
4.5关闭容器
[root@root ~]# docker stop relaxed_napier
relaxed_napier
[root@root ~]#
4.6查看容器日志
docker logs 0d5a6e9fa449(容器ID)
4.7删除容器
[root@root ~]# docker rm 0d5a6e9fa449（容器ID）
Error response from daemon: cannot remove container "/relaxed_napier": container is running: stop the container before removing or force remove
[root@root ~]# docker rm -f 0d5a6e9fa449（容器ID）强制删除
0d5a6e9fa449
[root@root ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@root ~]#
4.8让公网可以访问到nginx
-d 后台启动
–name 指定容器的名称
-p 将主机的端口与容器的端口向映射
[root@root ~]# docker run -d --name mynginx（指定容器的ID，一个镜像可以开启多个容器） -p 80:80 nginx
26ec8493b7efa6ad322e06e9fce5446b39c00c8a501ad7c76b6c4c690158a27c
[root@root ~]#
4.9进入容器内部
一个容器就是相当于一个独立的linux系统。
[root@root ~]# docker exec -it mynginx /bin/bash
root@26ec8493b7ef:/# ll
bash: ll: command not found
root@26ec8493b7ef:/# ls
bin boot dev docker-entrypoint.d docker-entrypoint.sh etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
root@26ec8493b7ef:/# cd /usr
root@26ec8493b7ef:/usr# ls
5实操-保存镜像
5.1 提交镜像
可以将一个容器进行打包
-m 描述信息
[root@root ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
26ec8493b7ef nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 40 minutes ago Up 40 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp mynginx
[root@root ~]# docker commit -m "update indx.html" mynginx nginx:v1.0
sha256:ae6baa8d8e15110c9a893ec38a49cbf3c8e02873eb3d4a12255b8e9d3c2eea36
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx v1.0 ae6baa8d8e15 8 seconds ago 188MB
nginx latest 4f67c83422ec 5 days ago 188MB
nginx 1.26.0 94543a6c1aef 4 weeks ago 188MB
[root@root ~]#
5.2 保存镜像
-o 指定导出的文件名和格式
[root@root ~]# docker save -o nginx.tar nginx:v1.0
[root@root ~]# ls
nginx.tar
[root@root ~]#
5.3加载别人的镜像
[root@root ~]# docker load -i nginx.tar
-i 指定加载的文件
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@root ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@root ~]# ls
nginx.tar
[root@root ~]# pwd
/root
[root@root ~]# docker load -i nginx.tar
5d4427064ecc: Loading layer [==================================================>] 77.88MB/77.88MB
37719940dcaa: Loading layer [==================================================>] 113.9MB/113.9MB
d58e4a0f2971: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584kB/3.584kB
10988c108f66: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.608kB/4.608kB
7da4ba4a0030: Loading layer [==================================================>] 2.56kB/2.56kB
261a5dc153b4: Loading layer [==================================================>] 5.12kB/5.12kB
3f6a3d22b9ce: Loading layer [==================================================>] 7.168kB/7.168kB
f810041d78ee: Loading layer [==================================================>] 14.34kB/14.34kB
Loaded image: nginx:v1.0
[root@root ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx v1.0 ae6baa8d8e15 7 minutes ago 188MB
[root@root ~]#
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