debug模块
1.如何查看ansible-playbook执行过程中产生的具体信息
vim test3.yaml
---
- hosts: all
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ls
shell: ls /root
register: var_stdout # register:将var_stdout注册为变量
- name: debug
debug:
var: var_stdout # 查看所有的输出信息
#var: var_stdout["stdout"] #只看想看的信息
wait_for模块
[root@control roles]# vim /opt/roles/db/tasks/main.yaml
# 判断数据库启动后才能建库
# 代码见/opt/roles/db/tasks/main.yaml
角色role
执行ansible的方式：
ad-hoc模式(点对点模式)：使用单个模块，支持批量执行单条命令，相当于bash中的一句话shell
playbook模式（剧本）：将多个任务集中在一个剧本中执行，类似于shell脚本
以上两种方式的缺陷：无法实现复用性
role模式（角色）：类似于多个脚本导入。roles就是通过分别将变量(vars)、文件(file)、任务(tasks)、模块(modules)及处理器(handlers)放置于单独的目录中，并可以便捷地include它们的一种机制。
1.创建角色
ansible-galaxy init 角色名字
[root@control ~]# mkdir /opt/roles
[root@control ~]# cd /opt/roles
[root@control roles]# ansible-galaxy init nginx # 创建角色
- Role nginx was created successfully
[root@control roles]# ansible-galaxy init php # 创建角色
- Role php was created successfully
[root@control roles]# ansible-galaxy init wordpress # 创建角色
- Role wordpress was created successfully
[root@control roles]# ansible-galaxy init db # 创建角色
- Role db was created successfully
[root@control roles]# tree nginx/
nginx/
├── README.md
├── defaults # 默认
│ └── main.yml
├── files # 存放需要使用的文件
├── handlers # 处理器，触发器 需要触发的任务
# tasks里面定义的notify除法handlers里面的任务
│ └── main.yml
├── meta
│ └── main.yml
├── tasks # 写一些任务
│ └── main.yml
├── templates # 存放需要渲染传递的文件
├── tests
│ ├── inventory
│ └── test.yml
└── vars # 变量
└── main.yml
8 directories, 8 files
role部署wordpress
1.角色的使用
1.1 写数据库
[root@control roles]# ls
db nginx php wordpress
[root@control roles]# cd db
[root@control db]# ls
README.md defaults files handlers meta tasks templates tests vars
[root@control db]# cd tasks
[root@control tasks]# ls
main.yml
[root@control tasks]# vim main.yml
---
# tasks file for db
- name: Install MySQL
yum:
name: mysql-server
state: present
- name: Start and enable MySQL
service:
name: mysqld
state: started
enabled: yes
- name: 等待数据库启动
wait_for:
hosts: localhost # 本机访问
port: 3306
timeout: 10 # 等待超时10秒
- name: INIT MySQL passwd
shell: mysqladmin -p"`awk '/temporary password /{print $NF}' /var/log/mysqld.log`" password "Qq111111."
- name: Create MySQL database
shell: mysql -p'Qq111111.' -e "CREATE DATABASE if not exists {{ MYSQL_DB_NAME }};create user '{{ MYSQL_USER }}'@'{{ MYSQL_HOST }}' identified by '{{ MYSQL_PASSWORD }}';grant all privileges on {{ MYSQL_DB_NAME }}.* to '{{ MYSQL_USER }}'@'{{ MYSQL_HOST }}';flush privileges;"
[root@control tasks]# vim ../vars/main.yml
---
# vars file for db
MYSQL_DB_NAME: wordpress
MYSQL_USER: wordpress
MYSQL_PASSWORD: "Qwertyuiop@123"
MYSQL_HOST: "%"
[root@control tasks]# cd /opt/roles/
[root@control roles]# ls
db nginx php wordpress
[root@control roles]# vim roles.yaml
- hosts: databases
remote_user: root
gather_facts: no
roles:
- db
[root@control roles]# ansible-playbook roles.yaml --syntax-check
playbook: roles.yaml
[root@control roles]# ansible-playbook roles.yaml --list-tasks
playbook: roles.yaml
play #1 (databases): databases TAGS: []
tasks:
db : Install MySQL TAGS: []
db : Start and enable MySQL TAGS: []
db : INIT MySQL passwd TAGS: []
db : Create MySQL database TAGS: [create]
[root@control roles]# ansible-playbook roles.yaml
PLAY [databases] **************************************************************************
TASK [db : Install MySQL] *****************************************************************
changed: [node1]
TASK [db : Start and enable MySQL] ********************************************************
changed: [node1]
TASK [db : INIT MySQL passwd] *************************************************************
changed: [node1]
TASK [db : Create MySQL database] *********************************************************
changed: [node1]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************
node1 : ok=4 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
1.2 nginx
# 准备配置文件
[root@control tasks]# cp /root/nginx.conf /opt/roles/nginx/templates/
[root@control tasks]# vim /opt/roles/nginx/tasks/main.yml
---
# tasks file for nginx
#- name: Install PHP packages and epel-release
# yum: name={{ item }} state=present disable_gpg_check=yes
##with_items:
##- epel-release
##- http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
##when: name == "web"
- name: Install nginx
yum:
name: nginx
state: present
- name: Config Nginx
template:
src: nginx.conf
dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- name: Start nginx
service:
name: nginx
state: started
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf
user {{ NGINX_USER | default("nginx") }};
#{{ NGINX_USER | default(nginx) }}; 是错的，应该加""
worker_processes {{ NGINX_FORKS | default("auto") }};
。。。。。
server {
listen {{ NGINX_PORT | default(80) }};
listen [::]:{{ NGINX_PORT | default(80) }};
server_name _;
root {{ BASE_DIR }}/wordpress; # /usr/share/nginx/html;
# {{ BASE_DIR | default(/usr/share/nginx) }}有问题
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
# 添加内容
location / {
root {{ BASE_DIR }}/wordpress;
index index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root {{ BASE_DIR }}/wordpress; #/usr/share/nginx/html; #指定网站目录
fastcgi_pass unix:///var/opt/remi/php80/run/php-fpm/www.sock; #指定访问地址(>旧版为:127.0.0.1:9000)
fastcgi_index index.php; #指定默认文件
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; #站点根目录
，取决于root配置项
include fastcgi_params; #包含nginx常量定义
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
# 变量
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/nginx/vars/main.yml
---
# vars file for nginx
NGINX_USER: nginx
NGINX_FORKS: auto
NGINX_PORT: 80
1.3 php
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/php/tasks/main.yml
---
# tasks file for php
#- name: Install PHP repository
# yum:
# name: http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
# state: present
# disable_gpg_check: yes
- name: Install PHP
yum:
name: "{{ package }}"
state: present
- name: Start php
service:
name: php80-php-fpm
state: started
# listen默认监听sock文件
- name: mode
file:
path: /var/opt/remi/php80/run/php-fpm/www.sock
mode: "777"
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/php/vars/main.yml
---
# vars file for php
package: php80-php-xsl,php80-php,php80-php-cli,php80-php-devel,php80-php-gd,php80-php-pdo,php80-php-mysql,php80-php-fpm
1.4 上传包
[root@control ~]# cp /opt/latest-zh_CN.zip /opt/roles/wordpress/files/
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/wordpress/tasks/main.yml
---
# tasks file for wordpress
- name: Cp Wordpress to web
unarchive:
src: latest-zh_CN.zip
dest: "{{ BASE_DIR }}" # 解压之后直接在BASE_DIR下产生wordpress目录
mode: "777"
[root@control ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[databases]
node1 name="db"
[webserver]
node2 name="web" BASE_DIR=/usr/share/nginx # BASE_DIR定义
1.5 运行
[root@control ~]# vim /opt/roles/roles.yaml
- hosts: "{{ host }}"
remote_user: root
gather_facts: no
roles:
- "{{ role }}"
[root@control ~]# ansible-playbook -e host=databases -e role=db roles.yaml
[root@control ~]# ansible-playbook -e host=webserver -e role=php roles.yaml
[root@control ~]# ansible-playbook -e host=webserver -e role=nginx roles.yaml
[root@control ~]# ansible-playbook -e host=webserver -e role=wordpress roles.yaml
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