一实验要求

HCIA综合实验的配置要求:

1.ISP路由器只能配置IP地址,之后不进行任何配置
2.内部整个网络基于192.168.1.0/24进行地址划分
3.R1/2之间启动OSPF协议,单区域
4.PC1-4自动获取IP地址
5.PC1-4,可以访问PC5,R2的公网接口只有一个公用IP地址12.1.1.1
6.外部的client可以通过IP访问http服务
7.ISP路由telnet12.1.1.1,最终成功登录到R1上

拓扑图:

 本次所使用到的技术有:划分IP地址、划分VLAN、DHCP、单臂路由、OSPF、AAA、ACL、NAT、默认路由。

HTTP

 DNS

 

 Client1

 二、实验命令及步骤

划分IP地址的命令

R1命令

interface G0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252

R2命令

interface G0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252

interface G0/0/1

ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

ISP命令

interface G0/0/0

ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

interface G0/0/1

ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.0

划分VLAN的命令
LSW1:

vlan batch 2 to 3       //创建vlan2-3

interface E0/0/1

port link-type access     //接口模式为access

port default vlan 2       //接口划入vlan2

interface E0/0/2

port link-type access

port default vlan 2

interface E0/0/3

port link-type access

port default vlan 3

interface G0/0/1  //接口模式为trunk

port link-type trunk

port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 3

LSW2:

vlan batch 2 to 3

interface E0/0/1

port link-type access

port default vlan 2

interface E0/0/2

port link-type access

port default vlan 3

interface G0/0/1

port link-type trunk

port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 3

DHCP和单臂路由命令

R1命令:

dhcp enable //开启dhcp服务

ip pool v2 //创建IP地址池塘

gateway-list 192.168.1.65        //配置网关地址

network 192.168.1.64 mask 255.255.255.224         //配置地址池

dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8         //配置分配的DNS服务器地址

ip pool v3

gateway-list 192.168.1.97

network 192.168.1.96 mask 255.255.255.224

dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

interface G0/0/1.1 //进入子接口(单臂路由)

dot1q termination vid 2 //服务vlan2

arp broadcast enable     //开启ARP应答

ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.224        //配置IP地址

dhcp select global //开启dhcp服务

interface G0/0/1.2

dot1q termination vid 3

arp broadcast enable

ip address 192.168.1.97 255.255.255.224

dhcp select global

R2命令:

dhcp enable

ip pool v2

gateway-list 192.168.1.129

network 192.168.1.128 mask 255.255.255.224

dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

ip pool v3

gateway-list 192.168.1.161

network 192.168.1.160 mask 255.255.255.224

dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

interface G0/0/2.1

dot1q termination vid 2

ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.224

arp broadcast enable

dhcp select global

interface G0/0/2.2

dot1q termination vid 3

ip address 192.168.1.161 255.255.255.224

arp broadcast enable

dhcp select global

DHCP的实验测试:

 

 

 

OSPF

R1命令:

ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 //开启ospf协议,给定router-id 1.1.1.1

area 0.0.0.0 //进入区域0

network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 //宣告网段

interface G0/0/0

ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher xiaoli123 //在与邻居相连接口上做认证,保障安全

R2命令:

ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

default-route-advertise always

area 0.0.0.0

network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

interface G0/0/0

ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher xiaoli123

AAA和ACL命令

R1命令:

aaa  

local-user xiaoli password cipher xiaoli123 //通过aaa创建账户

local-user xiaoli service-type telnet //账户对应的服务为telnet

local-user xiaoli privilege level 15 //账户权限1-15,15为最高等级

user-interface vty 0 4 //用于telnet的接口

authentication-mode aaa //接口上调用账户

acl number 3000  //开启ACL 编号为3000

rule 5 deny tcp source 192.168.1.94 0 destination 192.168.1.65 0 destination-port eq telnet //拒绝IP地址为192.168.1.94对192.168.1.65的telnet请求

rule 10 deny tcp source 192.168.1.94 0 destination 192.168.1.97 0 destination-port eq telnet    //拒绝IP地址为192.168.1.94对192.168.1.97的telnet请求

rule 10 deny tcp source 192.168.1.94 0 destination 192.168.1.1 0 destination-port eq telnet //拒绝IP地址为192.168.1.94对192.168.1.1的telnet请求

interface G0/0/1.1

traffic-filter inbound acl 3000 //接口上调用ACL

实验测试:

 

NAT和ACL、默认路由命令

R2命令:

acl number 2000  

rule 5 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255  //抓取来自192.168.1.0-255的流量,用于nat地址转换

interface G0/0/1

nat outbound 2000  //在连接外网的接口上启用nat,1对多nat,用来访问外网

nat static protocol tcp global current-interface www inside 192.168.1.98 www netmask 255.255.255.255 //1对1nat,用于固定某一服务所对应的IP地址

nat static protocol tcp global current-interface telnet inside 192.168.1.1 telnet netmask 255.255.255.255

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2                //未知的IP地址下一跳为12.1.1.2

实验测试:

 

 

 

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