SpringBoot基础 第一天

SpringBoot配置的文件名是固定的：application.yml  application.properties

YAML:以数据为中心 比Json  xml更适合做配置文件

YAML语法:

1 字面量:普通值(字符串 布尔值 数字)

        (1) k: v

        (2) " "不会转义  ' '会转义

2 对象，map(属性和值)

        (1) k: v  

        (2) 在下一行 写对象的属性和值

    数组(List,set)

        用 - 表示数组中的一个元素

      行内写法

properties配置文件容易乱码 需要在设置中找到这个然后调成这样

 示例1(在yml文件中配置):

application.yaml文件中配置

Person:
  name: 张三
  age: 21
  boss: true
  birth: 2022/12/5
  maps: {key1: value1,key2: value2}
  list: [dog,cat,pig]

Person类中利用ConfigurationProperties(prefix=" ")引入配置类中的元素 但是注意Person类中的类的名字必须与application.yaml中一致

package com.qcby.model;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,String> maps;
    private List<String> list;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, Integer age, boolean boss, Date birth, Map<String, String> maps, List<String> list) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.boss = boss;
        this.birth = birth;
        this.maps = maps;
        this.list = list;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public boolean isBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, String> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", list=" + list +
                '}';
    }
}

最终在Test包下进行测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)  //声明为测试单元
@SpringBootTest  //读取配置
public class SpringBoot01ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    Person person;
   

    @Test
    public void Context(){
        System.out.println(person);
    }
    }

示例2(在properties文件中配置)

在application.properties中

person.email=lucky
person.hello=junit
person.lastName=jiangjiayi
person.age=12
person.boss=true
person.list=dog,cat
person.maps.key1=value1
person.maps.key2=value2
person.dog.name=${person.hello}  //${} 可以理解为Vue中的{{}} 调用的是上面的person.hello的值
person.dog.age=16

Person类

package com.qcby.model;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.validation.constraints.Email;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {

    String email;

    String hello;

    String lastName;

    int age;

    boolean boss;

    List<String> list;

    Map<String,String>maps;

    Dog dog;

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getHello() {
        return hello;
    }

    public void setHello(String hello) {
        this.hello = hello;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public boolean isBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public List<String> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, String> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", hello='" + hello + '\'' +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", list=" + list +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

Dog类

package com.qcby.model;

public class Dog {
    String name;
    int age;

    public Dog() {
    }

    public Dog(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

测试类

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)  //声明为测试单元
@SpringBootTest  //读取配置
public class SpringBoot01ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    Person person;
   

    @Test
    public void Context(){
        System.out.println(person);
    }
    }

   如果不是标准的application.properties 是其他的Person类中需要用PropertySource来添加配置文件的路径

@ImportSource

导入Spring的配置文件，让配置文件里面的内容生效；Spring Boot里面没有Spring的配置文件，我们自己编写的配置文件，也不能自动识别；想让Spring的配置文件生效，加载进来；@ImportResource标注在一个配置类上

SpringBoot推荐给容器中添加组件的方式；推荐使用全注解的方式
1、配置类@Configuration------>Spring配置文件
2、使用@Bean给容器中添加组件，将方法的返回值添加到容器中 容器中这个组件的默认ID就是方法名

 生成随机数：

${random.value}、${random.int}、${random.long}
${random.int(10)}、${random.int[1024,65536]}

多profile文件

        通过spring:

                        profiles:

                                active:    来决定运行谁

配置文件加载位置的优先级

–file:./config/
–file:./
–classpath:/config/
–classpath:/
优先级由高到底，高优先级的配置会覆盖低优先级的配置；