调用摄像头拍照
新建一个CameraAlbumTest项目,然后修改activity_main.xml中的代码。在布局文件中添加两个控件:一个Button和一个ImageView。Button是用于打开摄像头进行拍照的,而ImageView则是用于将拍到的图片显示出来。
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/takePhotoBtn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Take Photo" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
</LinearLayout>
编写调用摄像头的具体逻辑,修改MainActivity中的代码。给Button注册点击事件,然后在点击事件里开始处理调用摄像头的逻辑。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
private ImageView picture;
private Uri imageUri;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.takePhotoBtn);
picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
takePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 创建File对象,用于存储拍照后的图片
File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_image.jpg");
try {
if(outputImage.exists()){
outputImage.delete();
}
outputImage.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this,
"com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider", outputImage);
} else {
imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
}
// 启动相机程序
Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
switch (requestCode) {
case TAKE_PHOTO:
if(resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
try {
// 将拍摄的照片显示出来
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri));
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
getUriForFile()方法接收3个参数:第一个参数要求传入Context对象,第二个参数可以是任意唯一的字符串,第三个参数则是File对象。
修改AndroidManifest.xml文件。
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme.CameraAlbumTest"
tools:targetApi="31">
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
添加资源文件file_paths.xml。在res文件下找到xml目录(如果没有在res目录下新建目录)新建file,取名file_paths.xml。然后修改file_paths.xml文件中的内容。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path name="my_images" path="/" />
</paths>
external-path就是用来指定Uri共享路径的,name属性的值可以随便填,path属性的值表示共享的具体路径。
从相册中选择照片
修改activity_main.xml文件,在布局中加入一个新按钮。
<Button
android:id="@+id/fromAlbumBtn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="From Album" />
然后修改MainActivity中的代码,加入从相册选择图片的逻辑。
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
private ImageView picture;
private Uri imageUri;
public static final int CHOOSE_PHOTO = 2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.takePhotoBtn);
Button chooseFromAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.fromAlbumBtn);
picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
takePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 创建File对象,用于存储拍照后的图片
File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_image.jpg");
try {
if(outputImage.exists()){
outputImage.delete();
}
outputImage.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this,
"com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider", outputImage);
} else {
imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
}
// 启动相机程序
Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);
}
});
chooseFromAlbum.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
} else {
openAlbum();
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
switch (requestCode) {
case TAKE_PHOTO:
if(resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
try {
// 将拍摄的照片显示出来
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri));
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;
case CHOOSE_PHOTO:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// 判断手机系统版本号
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19){
// 4.4及以上系统使用这个方法处理图片
handleImageOnKitKat(data);
} else {
// 4.4以下系统使用这个方法处理图片
handleImageBeforeKitKat(data);
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// 打开相册
private void openAlbum() {
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.GET_CONTENT");
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_PHOTO); // 打开相册
}
public void onRequestPermissionResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
int[] grantREsults){
switch (requestCode) {
case 1:
if (grantREsults.length > 0 && grantREsults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
openAlbum();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@TargetApi(19)
private void handleImageOnKitKat(Intent data) {
String imagePath = null;
Uri uri = data.getData();
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {
// 如果是document类型的Uri,则通过document id处理
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())){
String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的id
String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);
} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content:" +
"//downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
}
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())){
// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理
imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())){
// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可
imagePath = uri.getPath();
}
displayImage(imagePath); // 根据图片路径显示图片
}
private void handleImageBeforeKitKat(Intent data) {
Uri uri = data.getData();
String imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
displayImage(imagePath);
}
private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String selection) {
String path = null;
// 通过Uri和selection来获取真实的图片路径
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);
if (cursor != null) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
}
cursor.close();
}
return path;
}
private void displayImage(String imagePath) {
if (imagePath != null) {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath);
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "failed to get iamge", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
在AndroidManifest.xml中进行授权
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
此时运行程序会报一个错:Unable to decode stream: java.io.FileNotFoundException,没查到错是什么原因导致的,但是有解决方法。在application中加一句:
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage=“true”
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