windows10-VMware17-Ubuntu-22.04-海康2K摄像头兼容问题，求解(已解决)

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环境：windows10系统下，VMware的Ubuntu-22.04系统

问题：摄像头出现兼容问题，本来是想开发测试的，Ubuntu方便些。买了海康2K的USB摄像头，没买1080P是想着2K可以选分辨率。之前1080P的海康USB摄像头在 windows10 下 VMware 的 UOS 系统都是正常采集和使用的，想来2K在Ubuntu也是可以的。没想到啊，虚拟机直接出现兼容问题，各种app采集的图像出现方块隔离图形，通过apt upgrade更新也没用。找不到解决办法，内心拔凉拔凉。

windows 下可查摄像头：

$ ffmpeg -hide_banner -list_devices true -f dshow -i dummy
[dshow @ 0000022efa6fb9c0] "2K USB Camera" (video)
[dshow @ 0000022efa6fb9c0]   Alternative name "@device_pnp_\\?\usb#vid_2bdf&pid_0281&mi_00#6&1399960&0&0000#{65e8773d-8f56-11d0-a3b9-00a0c9223196}\global"
[dshow @ 0000022efa6fb9c0] "耳机 (HIFI Audio)" (audio)
[dshow @ 0000022efa6fb9c0]   Alternative name "@device_cm_{33D9A762-90C8-11D0-BD43-00A0C911CE86}\wave_{6BADEC19-D8BA-46B3-ACEA-9E36987284A4}"
[in#0 @ 0000022efa6ad100] Error opening input: Immediate exit requested
Error opening input file dummy.

状况（连接到 Ubuntu 虚拟机 - VMware->虚拟机->可移动设备(D)->2K USB Camera->连接）：
1.自带摄像头启动花屏并崩溃或者干脆报错等
2.webrtc camera 火狐打开首图响应慢、方格图、数秒才刷新一帧等
3.ffmpeg 也是首图响应慢、方格图等

愁啊愁…

[jn@jn bin]$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 2bdf:0281 04014008_P040300_SN0002 2K USB Camera
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
[jn@jn bin]$
[jn@jn bin]$ v4l2-ctl --list-devices
2K USB Camera: 2K USB Camera (usb-0000:02:03.0-1):
        /dev/video0
        /dev/video1
        /dev/media0

[jn@jn bin]$
[jn@jn bin]$ v4l2-ctl --list-formats-ext
ioctl: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
        Type: Video Capture

        [0]: 'YUYV' (YUYV 4:2:2)
                Size: Discrete 640x360
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 640x480
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
        [1]: 'MJPG' (Motion-JPEG, compressed)
                Size: Discrete 640x360
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 1280x720
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 1280x960
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 1920x1080
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 2048x1536
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 2560x1440
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                Size: Discrete 640x480
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
                        Interval: Discrete 0.040s (25.000 fps)
[jn@jn bin]$

1.webrtc camera测试

在这里插入图片描述
html code：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>WebRTC Camera Test</title>
    <style>
        body {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            height: 100vh;
            margin: 0;
            background-color: #f0f0f0;
        }
        video {
            border: 2px solid #333;
            width: 80%;
            max-width: 640px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <video id="video" autoplay></video>

    <script>
        async function startCamera() {
            try {
                // 请求摄像头权限
                const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ video: true });
                
                // 获取 video 元素
                const video = document.getElementById('video');
                
                // 将摄像头流设置为 video 元素的源
                video.srcObject = stream;
            } catch (err) {
                console.error('Error accessing the camera: ', err);
            }
        }

        // 启动摄像头
        startCamera();
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2.ffmpeg 测试

[jn@jn bin]$ time ./ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 -vframes 1 output.jpg
ffmpeg version 4.4.5 Copyright (c) 2000-2024 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 11 (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04)
  configuration: --prefix=/home/jn/Desktop/3rdParty/source/../libs/ffmpeg --pkg-config-flags=--static --enable-gpl --enable-nonfree --enable-cross-compile --enable-libx264 --enable-asm --enable-alsa --enable-pthreads
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video0':
  Duration: N/A, start: 405.937317, bitrate: 122880 kb/s
  Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (YUY2 / 0x32595559), yuyv422, 640x480, 122880 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo (native) -> mjpeg (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[swscaler @ 0x56c3ff867e80] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
Output #0, image2, to 'output.jpg':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf58.76.100
  Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, yuvj422p(pc, progressive), 640x480, q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc58.134.100 mjpeg
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/200000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A
frame=    1 fps=0.0 q=5.4 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.04 bitrate=N/A speed=7.25x
video:23kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown

real    0m16.780s
user    0m7.400s
sys     0m9.216s
[jn@jn bin]$ ls
ffmpeg  ffprobe  output.jpg
[jn@jn bin]$

output.jpg:
在这里插入图片描述

3.Ubuntu 自带相机

直接GG
在这里插入图片描述

4.解决办法

① 麦克风：VMware->虚拟机->可移动设备(D)->声卡->连接
② 摄像头：VMware->虚拟机->设置->硬件->USB 控制器->连接->USB 兼容性( C )
（前提：VMware->虚拟机->可移动设备(D)->2K USB Camera->连接）

修改：我是修改 USB 2.0 -> USB 3.1 之后就OK了，如果你也遇到这个问题可以相互切换试试
在这里插入图片描述

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